Glossary

A


Aboral:  the side or end that is furthest from the mouth

B


Bioaccumulation:  the gradual concentration of chemicals in a biological organism’s body over time

C

Commensalism:  a type of symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits and the other is not affected


D


E


El Niño:  a climate pattern in which trade winds weaken and warm water is pushed back east towards the west coast of the Americas. Upwelling weakens or stops altogether, which can cause nutrient-poor waters.

Ephermal:  short-lived

Epiphyte:  any plant that grows upon another plant or object for physical support

Epizoan:  an external parasitic organism

Euryhaline:  organisms that can adapt to a wide range of salinity levels

F


Fecundity:  the ability to produce high quantites of offspring (often associated with r-selected species)

G


H


I


J


K


L


M


Mutualism:  a type of symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit from the relationship

 

N


Nematocysts:  a type of organelle within cnidocytes that contain toxins intended to immobilize prey. Typically present around the mouth and tentacles

O


P


Pantropical:  distribution throughout the tropic regions of both hemispheres

Parasitism:  a type of symbiotic relationship in which one organism (parsite) benefits, and the other organism (host) is harmed

Photic Zone:  the uppermost layer of a body of water; enough light penetrates the water in this zone to allow for photosynthesis

Q


R


S


Sessile:  fixed in one location or immobile

Sexually Dimorphic:  male and female sexes differ morphologically and can be distinguished by their physical features

Sexually Monomorphic:  male and female sexes are morphologically similar and can only be distinguished by their genitalia

Spermatophore:  a protein capsule containing a mass of spermatozoa

Symbiotic:  an ongoing relationship between two organisms of different species (see mutualism, commensalism, and competition)

 

Fecundity:  the ability to produce high quantites of offspring (often associated with r-selected species)